Self-Efficacy and Family Support in Relation to Dietary Adherence among Older Adults with Diabetes Mellitus
Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus, Family support, dietary adherence, Older adults, Self-efficacyAbstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with an increasing prevalence among the elderly population and requires long-term management, one of which is dietary adherence. However, dietary adherence among older adults is often influenced by psychosocial factors, such as self-efficacy and family support. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between self-efficacy and family support with dietary adherence among elderly patients with diabetes mellitus. This study employed a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of elderly patients with diabetes mellitus selected using an accidental sampling technique. Data were collected using self-efficacy, family support, and dietary adherence questionnaires and were analyzed using Spearman’s rho correlation test and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between self-efficacy and family support with dietary adherence among elderly patients with diabetes mellitus (ρ ≤ 0.05). Elderly individuals with higher levels of self-efficacy and stronger family support tended to have better dietary adherence. In conclusion, self-efficacy and family support play an important role in improving dietary adherence among elderly patients with diabetes mellitus. Therefore, nursing interventions are recommended to focus on enhancing self-confidence in elderly patients and strengthening family involvement in diabetes mellitus management.
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